Fig. 2. Oral supplementation with propolis abrogated liver fibrosis mediated by CCl₄. Liver tissue lysates were subjected to Western blotting analysis using antibodies recognizing α-SMA, collagen type I and β-actin. The protein bands from one representative experiment are shown (A). β-actin was used as a loading control. The expression of α-SMA and collagen type I was normalized to total β-actin protein levels. The results are expressed as the means ± SEM of the normalized values of α-SMA and collagen type I. The accumulated data of five mice from each group are shown in (B) for the expression of normalized α-SMA from control mice (open bar), CCl₄-treated mice (closed black bar), and CCl₄+propolis-treated mice (hatched bar). ^*P<0.05 for CCl₄-treated mice versus control mice. ^#P<0.05 for CCl₄+propolis-treated mice versus CCl₄-treated mice (ANOVA with Tukey's post-test).